KPI stands for Key Performance Indicators. KPIs measure specific human resource activities that contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of a company. KPIs provide a company with quantitative measurements that can be used to examine qualities and actions that contribute…
To calculate this ratio: (number of human resources FTEs / Number of total FTEs) x 100 This ratio allows for the comparison of staffing levels among firms. In general, larger organizations employ more human resource professionals to meet the needs…
Self-Determination Theory identifies three core intrinsic motivators: Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness. Autonomy in this context focuses more on self-initiation and regulating one’s behavior toward task selection, organization, and completion. Competence involves the mastery of skills required to complete the work and…
Three Needs Theory David McClelland saw Motivation as primarily intrinsic and said that it arose from three main needs: Achievement Affiliation Power The Need for achievement involves embracing challenges, being goal-oriented, and taking calculated risks. The need for affiliation involves…
B.F. Skinner concluded that motivation is based on extrinsic factors such as reward and punishment. Employers can influence behavior through positive reinforcement or negative reinforcemen, which results in employees acting in certain ways to receive prizes or to avoid…
Herzberger’s Motivator Hygiene Theory Herzberger said an employee’s motivation is affected by both hygiene factors and motivators. Hygiee factors: are extrinsic and include salary, benefits, and work environment. Motivators are intrinsic and include growth and recognition. Herzberger discovered that…
Characteristics of a Transformational Leadership include: Charismatic: gains buy-in for the vision and mission, earns respect and trust, and enstills pride. Inspirational: communicates heightened performance expectations and encourages big-picture thinkin. Intellectual stimulating: promotes learing and development. Individualized consideration: coaches followers,…
Theory X + Theory Y of Leadership Theory X and Theory Y are theories of human work motivation and management. They were created by Douglas McGregor while he was working at the MIT Sloan School of Management in the 1950s,…
Attributes of Transformational leadership involve championing a shared vision with employees. Leaders inspires awareness of and dedication to the group’s mission. Followers are empowered by facts, resources, and support so that they can approacch work in a committed, concerned, and…
Attribution Theory by Fritz Heider and Bernard Weiner: Ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck for achieving success. “Weiner focused his attribution theory on achievement (Weiner, 1974). He identified ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck as the most important factors…