The five stages of group development developed by Bruce Tuckman are: Forming: superficial introductions and determining boundaries of acceptable behavior. Storming: the team must work through conflicts related to authority, vision and values, personality, and cultural differences. Norming: greater cooperation…
Four analytical steps in workforce planning: The supply model analysis, which reviews an organization’s current labor supply. The demand model analysis, which estimates future business plans and objectives. The gap analysis, which compares the variances in the supply and demand…
The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) was founded by Congress as part of the Wagner Act to defend and protect the right of employees, employers, unions, and the general public. The NLRB has two major functions: resolving unfair labor practices…
A Center of Excellence (COE) Human Resource Model features internal groups of consultants that have expertise in the different human resource functional areas, like payroll and benefits.
KPI stands for Key Performance Indicators. KPIs measure specific human resource activities that contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of a company. KPIs provide a company with quantitative measurements that can be used to examine qualities and actions that contribute…
To calculate this ratio: (number of human resources FTEs / Number of total FTEs) x 100 This ratio allows for the comparison of staffing levels among firms. In general, larger organizations employ more human resource professionals to meet the needs…
Self-Determination Theory identifies three core intrinsic motivators: Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness. Autonomy in this context focuses more on self-initiation and regulating one’s behavior toward task selection, organization, and completion. Competence involves the mastery of skills required to complete the work and…
Three Needs Theory David McClelland saw Motivation as primarily intrinsic and said that it arose from three main needs: Achievement Affiliation Power The Need for achievement involves embracing challenges, being goal-oriented, and taking calculated risks. The need for affiliation involves…
B.F. Skinner concluded that motivation is based on extrinsic factors such as reward and punishment. Employers can influence behavior through positive reinforcement or negative reinforcemen, which results in employees acting in certain ways to receive prizes or to avoid…
Herzberger’s Motivator Hygiene Theory Herzberger said an employee’s motivation is affected by both hygiene factors and motivators. Hygiee factors: are extrinsic and include salary, benefits, and work environment. Motivators are intrinsic and include growth and recognition. Herzberger discovered that…